Endnotes and footnotes
Endnotes
An advantage of endnotes over footnotes is that the length of each note is not a problem, as notes and text do not have to be juggled about to make them fit on the same printed page. The author may, therefore, include discursive adjuncts to the text, list, and so on in the notes. The endnote system is identical to that of footnotes. When reference is made to articles or books, one may either italicize or underline the title of the book or magazine.
Footnotes: introductory footnotes
1. Acknowledgment of support
This statement indicates (a) kind of degree of support, e.g. 'This research was supported by....', (b) the sponsor of a grant or contract, (c) the grant or contract number, and (d) occasionally, the specific location where the research was conducted. The superscript Arabic number for this footnote is placed following the title.
[Title] DEVELOPMENTAL SOCIOLINGUISTICS:INNER-CITY CHILDREN1
[Footnote]1 This work was supported by the National Institute of Child Health and Development. Grant HD 00921, and was also aided by support from the Center for Study of Social Organization of Schools, John Hopkins.
2. Acknowledgment of dissertation
If a paper is based upon a dissertation, acknowledgment of this is made in a footnote to the title and usually takes this form:
[Title] VERBAL TESTS OF SPATIAL CONCEPTUALIZATION1
[Footnote]1 This paper was based on a dissertation submitted to the London School of Economics in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the M.A. Degree. The advice of my thesis chairman, Professor W.R. Jones, is gratefully acknowledged.
3. Acknowledgment of assistance
The author appears on the first page of the introduction as:
[Author] Norman H. Anderson1
[Footnote]1 The author wishes to thank Steve Riskin for running this experiment and Anita Lample for help in the data analysis.
Footnotes: textual footnotes
1. Unpublished study
Unpublished studies should not be cited unless they are unusually important to your argument. When an unpublished study is cited, the reference may appear in the Reference section, or, preferably, as a footnote.
1Unpublished study entitled "Reliabilities of Sensory Measures." 1990.
2. Reference to a book by one author
1John R. Tunis, The American Way in Sport (New York, 1989), p.4.
3. Books by two or more authors
1John Tasker Howard and Arthur Mendel, Our British Composer (London, 1992), p. 142.
4. Articles
1Dwight D. Eisenhower, "Boyhood of a President," The Saturday Evening Post, CCXL (April 8, 1967), p.32.